Keluaran 31:15

31:15 Six days ¹  work may be done, ²  but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, ³  holy to the Lord; anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death.

Keluaran 19:8

19:8 and all the people answered together, “All that the Lord has commanded we will do!” ⁴  So Moses brought the words of the people back to the Lord.

Keluaran 30:8

30:8 When Aaron sets up the lamps around sundown he is to burn incense on it; it is to be a regular incense offering before the Lord throughout your generations.

Keluaran 36:4

36:4 So all the skilled people who were doing all the work on the sanctuary came from the work ⁵  they were doing

[31:15]  ¹ tn This is an adverbial accusative of time, indicating that work may be done for six days out of the week.

[31:15]  ² tn The form is a Niphal imperfect; it has the nuance of permission in this sentence, for the sentence is simply saying that the six days are work days – that is when work may be done.

[31:15]  ³ tn The expression is שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן (shabbat shabbaton), “a Sabbath of entire rest,” or better, “a sabbath of complete desisting” (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 404). The second noun, the modifying genitive, is an abstract noun. The repetition provides the superlative idea that complete rest is the order of the day.

[19:8]  ⁴ tn The verb is an imperfect. The people are not being presumptuous in stating their compliance – there are several options open for the interpretation of this tense. It may be classified as having a desiderative nuance: “we are willing to do” or, “we will do.”

[36:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “a man, a man from his work”; or “each one from his work.”